• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A dental bridge, which is a modular bridge (1) to be installed in place of one or more removed teeth, with an intermediate sub-module (2) and anchoring parts (3) to be attached to the adjacent support teeth (9, 10). The intermediate part module (2) of the module bridge (1) is formed of parts and the anchoring part (3) to be connected to the support tooth (9, 10) is connected to the intermediate part module (2) by a connection allowing movement of the anchoring part (3) with respect to the intermediate part module (2) fitted in place between the support teeth (9, 10). The joint can be locked immovable by the locking member (5, 24) of the modular bridge (1) after the modular bridge (1) has been placed in the space formed by one or more removed teeth.
    公开号:FI20190083A1
    申请号:FI20190083
    申请日:2019-11-01
    公开日:2021-05-02
    发明作者:Kauko Suoranta；Raija Suoranta
    申请人:Kauko Suoranta；Raija Suoranta；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a dental bridge according to the preamble of claim 1.
    According to conventional known methods, one or more teeth removed between the teeth can be replaced by various dental bridges attached to the abutments or implants adjacent to the opening. According to their replicas of abutment teeth ground into support pillars, the dental technician makes a bridge body, the surface material of the intermediate part and of the support crowns of which may be wholly or partly tooth-colored. The method requires many treatment visits from the patient and is an expensive procedure with laboratory costs. Alternatively, the dental technician or dentist may also use all plastic, photocured composite plastic, or some hard material to make the bridge. In this case, usually only a groove is ground in the bite surface of the support teeth for fixing the bridge. Still, maintenance costs are quite expensive due to many work steps.
    The bridge solution of US 4661067 A has many limiting factors. For similar support elements to be fastened to the support teeth, the parallel fastening surfaces must be ground in a position perpendicular to each other so that the notches at the end edges of the base elements fit snugly into the support elements. When making a bridge in the opening of a missing tooth, the base elements are pressed against the support elements as the spring force pushes them apart along the telescopic shaft structure. The slight misalignment of the support teeth of the support teeth can be compensated by turning the base elements on their axis relative to each other, in different directions this fastening structure does not correct misalignments. The base elements are connected to each other by an adhesive in the patient's mouth and this body only serves as a base for the dental bridge interdental tooth. On top of and around it, a shell part that looks like a missing tooth must be built separately = either in the patient's mouth or preferably = using replicas on plaster models. Because the method has many work steps, it is slow N to implement and therefore also cumbersome for the patient.
    O 30 E The dental bridges of US 6537067 B1 have, at opposite edges of the bridge part, vertical S mounting projections, which are parallel to each other and of the same size and which are embedded in the support teeth. They are fixed to the bridge section or one may also need to be replaced.
    2 On the opening side of the support teeth, make perfectly parallel N 35 grinding recesses on the mounting projections, which are made with a grinding device which can be moved along the guide rails of the alignment device attached to the support teeth. Its clinical use is cumbersome because adjusting the position of the alignment device before attaching it to adjacent teeth is limited to tilting the entire device partially to the side on the brackets and after mounting with slit elements only to adjust the distance of the device from the molars.
    The working time on the patient visit is spent on attaching the holders to the teeth during grinding.
    In addition, the guide rails must be brought to approximately or exactly the same level - with the bite surfaces of adjacent teeth.
    Prefabricated dental bridges with mounting projections must have a large selection of different sized dental openings.
    US 2005/0037321 A1 discloses a connecting mechanism in which the mechanical fastening is based on a compatible design of the connecting pieces.
    The positive connector of the first connecting element fits in a certain direction inside the negative connecting piece of the second connecting element in tight contact.
    In the opposite direction, it can be removed.
    The first connecting elements are attached to the missing tooth side of the support teeth.
    Copies are taken of them to help the dental technician make a bridge prosthesis with negative fittings.
    When viewed from above, the connectors of the first connecting elements are round, but when viewed from the side, their shape varies, being partly semicircular, lenticular, partly oval or cylindrical rod, which provides good support against tilting inside the second connecting element.
    In other joints, when the bridge is pressed between the support teeth, there is a side-to-side contact surface only between the upper part of the oval surface of the positive connector and the inner surface of the negative connector corresponding to its shape.
    The lower surface of the positive connector is exposed in the cavity of the negative connector, which is completely open at the bottom and closed only at the top.
    In this method, round positive connectors cannot be used on opposite sides of the prosthesis spacer because the biting forces would overcome the locking based on the friction surface alone by tilting and rotating the prosthesis on the connectors, removing it.
    This limitation of use has been identified and replaced by another positive connector by grinding the support tooth S into a bridge pillar in its place. - Dental bridge structures are already known, which consist of an intermediate part of different size or color replacing one or more teeth and associated E, one or more anchoring and / or fastening parts with which the bridge structure is not fastened to the support teeth.
    In some methods, the parts of different sizes are only S as bases and / or molds on them for the final bridge to be built on the plaster model 2 made in the mouth or by means of a replica material.
    In all of them, the fastenings of the anchoring parts N 35 must be parallel and / or of the same size in order to put the bridge structure in place on the support teeth.
    Precision joints are required for precision joints and, if necessary, a dental technician to make the bridge.
    However, in known dental bridge structures, it is not possible, without replica models or special alignment devices, individually or in combination with others, to assemble a bridge structure as such in a single patient visit, in which the anchoring parts can be freely selected in size, shape or mounting direction. Also, assembled from industrially manufactured parts, it is not possible to replace a bridge prosthesis of one or more teeth of different sizes and / or colors, which is missing in the same visit, and it is immediately fixed in the correct position between the support teeth.
    The object of the present invention is to provide a dental bridge which does not have the above drawbacks. The dental bridge according to the invention is characterized by what is set forth in the characterizing part of claim 1.
    The dental bridge according to the invention is a modular bridge with an intermediate part module consisting of one or more intermediate parts and anchoring parts to be attached to the support teeth. According to the invention, the grindings or recesses of the support teeth to be made on the anchoring parts do not have to be parallel to each other and at a certain distance from each other in order to get the bridge in place on the support teeth. According to the invention, the position of the anchoring parts to be fastened to the support teeth can be changed independently of one another with respect to the intermediate part module.
    This is made possible by a spherical part belonging to the anchoring part, which is placed in the space in the intermediate part module, which can also be spherical in shape. According to the invention, it is also not necessary to attach the anchoring parts to the support teeth first, because the modular bridge formed by the anchoring parts and the intermediate part module between them can be adapted to fit the space formed by the removed one or more teeth outside the mouth. The adjustment of the modular bridge to suit this space is also made possible by the fact that the distance between the anchoring parts from each other and the distance from the intermediate part module = can be adjusted steplessly. Thus, the modular bridge according to the invention is adjustable = to a suitable size and shape in all adjustment directions in x, y and z coordination, whereby N modular bridges can be precisely matched and fastened to mutually opposed O 30 support teeth, whose positions and different grinding directions prevent the fixed bridge structure from fitting into its anchorage position. The intermediate part module and / or the anchoring parts according to the invention also do not have to be assembled separately in a known manner S by means of a replica with plaster models or in the mouth by first joining them together with 2 dental fillers and / or N 35 cementitious material.
    In the modular bridge according to the invention, it is also possible to grind cavities of different shapes, sizes and directions in the support teeth, which are formed when softened dental tissue and / or fastening grooves are removed from the support teeth, in which the most suitable anchoring parts are inserted. The anchoring parts are attached to the cavities of the abutment teeth either with locating agents or with adhesives or cementitious agents used to attach the comb prosthesis. The anchoring parts can also be cemented, i.e. fastened only to the support tooth surface with a fastening flange or by gluing the support fibers. At the same time, the modular bridge with its anchoring parts is cemented, ie fastened to the support teeth in the correct position to replace the missing tooth. It can be realized simply by tightening a fastening device in the intermediate part module with a separate tool, which may be one or more screws and / or bolts, whereby the anchoring parts with their spherical parts are pressed immobile inside the intermediate part module. According to the invention, all the necessary parts can be manufactured in uniform industrially from wear-resistant and sufficiently strong materials which are medically acceptable substances. The materials of manufacture may also be mixtures or combinations thereof which, moreover, are most aesthetically pleasing to the mouth. Such materials include, for example, ceramic materials already in use, chemically curable plastics made of two soft plastics, photocurable plastics, composite plastics containing ceramic particles or fibers, various alloys of dentures, or combinations thereof. With some materials, parts can be made at high temperatures and pressures, leaving no internal stresses or partially uncured ingredients in the pieces to cause allergies even after years. Some materials can be milled from billets in series production or cast in large series.
    The modular bridge according to the invention offers a solution to most missing = tooth repair problems and is essentially completely new in its solutions, structures and operation. Although the missing one or more teeth have previously been replaced by N prefabricated bridges from one or more parts, it has not previously been possible to make bridges assembled in one X-ray without replicas of different sizes and shapes of prefabricated parts with x, y and z coordination. adjustable anchoring parts. 2 S In a modular bridge according to the invention, an intermediate module 2 consisting of one or more parts and its anchoring parts form the final modular bridge. It is essential for the dental bridge according to the N 35 invention that a modular bridge assembled from industrially manufactured parts can be permanently attached to the support teeth in a position suitable for biting in one go. The dentist does not have to make any expensive equipment investment.
    A relatively small selection of parts with a drill bit for assembling modular bridges is sufficient. This saves the dentist and patient both time and effort compared to other known methods. When the modular bridge is completed at once, the molds to be made by reproducing are not needed at all. In terms of cost-effectiveness, this method and bridge structure is economically excellent and industrial production is quite profitable after the initial investment. The work steps required to install the modular bridge according to the invention in the patient's mouth are, for example, as follows. The modular bridge is formed outside the patient's mouth so that the anchoring parts to be attached to the support teeth of the modular bridge are connected to an intermediate sub-module assembled from the parts. The intermediate part module is assembled from such parts that the assembled intermediate part module fits into the empty space formed by the missing tooth or teeth.
    The selection of the parts of the intermediate sub-module takes into account, for example, the size and shape of the empty space formed by the missing tooth or teeth and the color of the adjacent support teeth. The choice of anchoring parts takes into account the size and shape of any cavities made in the adjacent support teeth.
    Once the modular bridge is assembled, the formed modular bridge is fitted in place in the patient's mouth to form a void formed by one or more missing teeth. The adaptation determines whether the parts selected for their modular bridge are suitable. If changes are required to the modular bridge, the parts used for it will be replaced as needed.
    The fitting of the modular bridge according to the invention is substantially facilitated by the fact that the anchoring parts to be fastened to the support teeth in the modular bridge can be moved at this stage = with respect to the intermediate part module. The anchoring parts can then be rotated relative to the intermediate part module =, turned sideways and / or turned vertically. According to the invention, the N anchoring parts can also be moved by changing the distance o 30 - of each other from the anchoring parts. Thus, the anchoring portions can be rotated, rotated, or moved relative to each other in the x, y, and z coordinates independently of each other. This is made possible by the fact that the connecting member between the anchoring part and the intermediate part module is spherical. In addition, the spherical connecting member S may be located in the adjusting member, which allows the spherical connecting members 2 of the anchoring members to move towards or away from each other. When the modular bridge according to the invention has been adjusted to fit the void space formed by one or more teeth, the anchoring parts of the formed modular bridge can be cemented to the adjacent support teeth or to the cavities formed thereon. At this point, a protective plastic film can be placed over the modular bridge to prevent the cement from sticking to the opposite teeth when the jaws are disassembled.
    When the anchoring parts of the modular bridge are attached to the support teeth, a well-flowing adhesive or cement is fed between the parts of the intermediate part module and the spherical connecting members between the intermediate part module and the anchoring parts. The parts of the module bridge can then be locked in place by one or more locking members located in the intermediate part module. The locking member may be, for example, one or more clamping screws which - are tightened with a separate tool so that the parts of the intermediate part module, the parts of the adjusting members in the intermediate part module and the parts between the intermediate part module and the anchoring parts press against each other. Also at this stage, a protective plastic film can be placed on top of the modular bridge to prevent the cement from sticking to the opposite teeth when the jaws are disassembled.
    After the adhesive or cement applied to the modular bridge has hardened, the modular bridge is ready for finishing. When finishing a modular bridge, sharpen any sharp edges left over from the modular bridge, overburdened cementitious materials or protruding fixing screw bases.
    Most preferably, the dental bridge is to be replaced by a modular bridge with an intermediate sub-module and anchoring parts to be attached to adjacent support teeth in place of one or more removed teeth. The intermediate section module of the modular bridge is formed of parts. The anchoring part to be connected to the support tooth is connected to the intermediate part module by a connection which allows the anchoring part to move relative to the intermediate part module when the module bridge is fitted in place between the support teeth. The connection between the anchoring part and the intermediate part module is = lockable immovable by the locking member of the module bridge after the module bridge is = placed in the space formed by one or more removed teeth.
    O 30 The connection between the anchoring part of the modular bridge and the champion module may be spherical, so that the anchoring part E comprises a support ball which rests on the spherical space 2 belonging to the intermediate part module. The anchoring part may also have a hemispherical concave support cup, which S rests on a part connected to the intermediate part module, which is at least partially spherical.
    2 The spherical connection allows the anchoring part to be rotated relative to the intermediate part module and the N 35 anchoring part to be turned sideways in any direction, allowing the anchoring parts to be brought to the desired angle with respect to each other when attaching the module bridge to adjacent support teeth
    In connection with the intermediate section module of the modular bridge, there may be an adjustment part by means of which the distance of the anchoring part from the intermediate section module can be changed.
    By means of the spherical connection and the adjusting part, the movement of the anchoring part with respect to the intermediate part module is possible in all adjustment directions in x, y and z coordination.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the intermediate part module comprises two halves, each of which has a substantially hemispherical recess.
    When the halves of the intermediate part module are placed against each other, the hemispherical recesses together form a substantially spherical space.
    The anchoring part includes a support ball placed in a spherical space formed inside the halves of the intermediate part module.
    The support ball and the spherical space together form a joint on which the anchoring part can be rotated and / or turned to the side in any direction.
    The halves of the intermediate part module can be pressed against each other so that the support ball of the anchoring part is pressed against the walls of the hemispherical recesses of the halves of the intermediate part module.
    The halves of the intermediate part module can be pressed against each other by a locking member which is a clamping screw or a similar mechanical locking member which presses the halves of the intermediate part module against each other and locks the support ball of the anchoring part - immobile with respect to the intermediate part module.
    The support cavity inside the intermediate part module can have two adjustment parts, between which the support ball of the anchoring part is placed.
    The adjusting parts and the support ball between them are movable in the support cavity of the intermediate part module so that the distance of the anchoring part connected to the support ball from the intermediate part module can be changed. o 5 The adjusting parts inside the halves of the intermediate part module have a locking element, by means of which = the adjusting parts and the support ball between them can be locked in place.
    The locking member is N clamping screws or a similar mechanical locking member which presses the adjusting parts against each other and O 30 -0 locks the adjusting parts, the support ball between them and the anchoring part E connected to the support ball immovable with respect to the intermediate part module. 2 S The intermediate part module can also be formed by an integral piece inside which there is a support cavity 2 for the two adjusting parts and their locking member.
    Between the adjusting parts there is a support ball to which an N 35 anchoring part is connected.
    The locking member of the adjusting parts is formed by a locking plate and a tightening screw by means of which the locking plate can be pressed against the adjusting parts so that the locking part locks the adjusting parts, the support ball between them and the anchoring part connected to the support ball. The anchoring parts of the modular bridge have protrusions attached to the cavities of the support teeth with cement, and an adhesive or locating agent is placed between the parts of the modular bridge to lock the parts of the modular bridge in place with respect to each other. The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
    LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1A - shows axonometrically the parts of a modular bridge according to the invention. Figure 1B shows an axonometric view of the parts of the modular bridge joined together. Figure 1C - shows the parts of the modular bridge of Figure 1B seen from the side. Figure 1D - shows a top view of a modular bridge according to the invention. Figure 2 is an axonometric view of a modular bridge and support teeth according to the invention to which the bridge is connected. Fig. 3 is a top view of the modular bridge of Fig. 2 connected to adjacent support teeth. Figure 4 shows in vertical section a modular bridge according to the invention connected to adjacent support teeth. Figure 5 shows axonometrically the parts of a modular bridge according to the invention. Fig. 6 shows a vertical section of a modular bridge assembled from the parts of Fig. 5 connected to S adjacent support teeth. Fig. 7 shows an axonometric view of N parts of a modular bridge according to the invention. Fig. 8A shows a vertical section of a modular bridge assembled from the parts of Fig. 7 connected to adjacent support teeth E. en Figure 8B - shows a vertical section of a modular bridge according to the invention. S Fig. 8C - shows a horizontal section of the modular bridge of Fig. 8B. Figures 9 and 10 show an anchor section N 35 of a modular bridge according to the invention, viewed axonometrically and seen from above. Fig. 11 - shows in vertical section the modular bridge according to the invention of Figs. 9 and 10 connected to adjacent support teeth.
    Figures 12 and 13 show an anchonometically illustrated and top view of an anchoring part of a modular bridge according to the invention. Fig. 14 - shows in vertical section the modular bridge according to the invention of Figs. 12 and 13 connected to adjacent support teeth. Figure 15 is an axonometric view of parts of a modular bridge according to the invention. Figure 16 - shows axonometrically the parts of a modular bridge according to the invention. Fig. 17 - shows a vertical section of a modular bridge according to the invention assembled from the anchoring parts according to Fig. 16 connected to adjacent support teeth. Figure 18 - shows axonometrically the parts of a modular bridge according to the invention. Fig. 19 - shows a vertical section of a modular bridge according to the invention assembled from the anchoring parts according to Fig. 18, connected to adjacent support teeth.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS A dental bridge according to the invention is a modular bridge with an intermediate part module consisting of one or more intermediate parts and anchoring parts to be attached to the support teeth.
    The dental bridge according to the invention of Fig. 1A is a modular bridge 1 consisting of industrially produced parts, which in Fig. 1A are a two-part intermediate module 2 and two anchoring parts 3. In Fig. 1A the intermediate part module 2 is formed of two halves between which the anchor parts 3 support balls 4 are placed. The halves of the intermediate part module 2 are locked together with a locking member, which is, for example, a clamping screw 5. Figure 1A shows the holes 6 in the halves of the intermediate part module 2. When locking = the halves of the intermediate part module 2 are threaded with a threaded clamping screw 5 in the threaded hole 6. O 30 E The halves of the intermediate section module 2 of Fig. 1A have concave, mainly S-hemispherical recesses 7 on the sides of the support teeth 3 corresponding to the size and shape of the support balls 3 of the anchoring sections 3. When the halves of the intermediate section module 2 are placed 2 opposite 35 - a spherical space in which the support balls 4 of the anchoring parts 3 can be placed so that the support ball 4 of the anchoring part 3 can rotate in this spherical space. The projection to be connected to the support tooth of the anchoring part 3 comes out of the spherical space of the intermediate part module 2 through the opening 8. The opening 8 is dimensioned so as to prevent the support ball 4 from slipping out of the recess 7. However, the opening 8 is so large that the projection to be connected to the support tooth of the anchoring part 3 can rotate in different directions when the support ball 4 acts as an axis of rotation. Thus, the support ball 4 of the anchoring part 3 and the spherical space of the intermediate part module 2 together form a joint on which the anchoring part 3 can be suitably oriented so that the projection of the anchoring part 3 can be fitted to the support tooth or the cavity formed therein.
    The mutual contact surfaces of the spherical space of the intermediate part module 2 and the support ball 4 of the anchoring part 3 can be roughened, ensuring that the anchoring parts 3 and the intermediate part module 2 of the assembled modular bridge 1 lock immobile after the intermediate part 2 halves are pressed against each other. .
    It can also be made so that the support balls of one or both anchoring parts of the module bridge 1 can be replaced by polygonal pieces which lock into the recesses of the intermediate part module when the clamping screw 5 presses the halves of the intermediate part module 2 against each other. The polygonal pieces can also be connected by one or more shafts and / or pins to the anchoring parts 3. Between the polygonal bodies of the anchoring parts 3 and the half recesses of the intermediate sub-module 2, a well-flowing, curable adhesive, cement or locating material can be sprayed in the example. This prevents liquids in the mouth from getting in between, causing a later bad taste and odor in the mouth.
    Fig. 1B shows axonometrically the parts of the modular bridge 1 according to the invention, so that the recesses of the anchoring parts 3 = support balls 4 and the projections of the anchoring parts 3 point in opposite directions in the recesses 7 of the second half of the intermediate part module 2. In Fig. 1B = the other half of the intermediate part module is not shown, so that the location of the anchoring parts 3 and the rotation of the N on the support ball 4 can be seen more clearly. In the example of Fig. 1B O 30, the center lines passing through the centers of the support balls 4 are perpendicular E to the half-straight wall of the intermediate sub-module 2. Intersecting with them The dashed lines intersect the transverse lines passing through the bite surfaces S of the projections to be connected to the support teeth of the anchoring parts 3 at angles a and B. The angles of rotation a and B can be freely changed 2 independently of each other. Fig. 1C shows a side view of an example in which the support balls 4 of the anchoring parts 3 printed on the second half of the intermediate section module 2 of the modular bridge 1 according to the invention of Fig. 1B 4 and its recesses 7 are turned in different directions, one downwards and one upwards. The dashed line passing through the centers of the support balls 4 intersects the longitudinal lines passing through the bite surfaces of the projections of the anchoring parts 4 at angles y and 8. The turning angles y and d can be freely changed independently of each other.
    Fig. 1D shows a top view of a modular bridge 1 according to the invention, having an intermediate section module 2 assembled in two parts, i.e. two halves, the projections of the anchoring parts 3 being turned sideways in different directions on the support balls 4 formed in the spherical spaces. The center line running along the connecting line of the bite surface of the intermediate section module 2 intersects the longitudinal lines passing through the center line of the bite surfaces of the projections of the anchoring parts 3 at angles € and €. The lateral angles € and ¢ of the projections can be changed freely independently of each other. It can also be done in such a way that the straight walls of the halves of the intermediate part module 2 placed against each other are formed partially or completely corrugated and / or angular, but still - completely fit against each other. In this case, the joint line of the chewing surface is made to meander along the anatomical surface grooves of the corresponding tooth as imperceptibly as possible. Figure 2 shows a large cavity 11 and a small cavity 12 made on the support teeth 9 and 10, extending from the sides of the missing tooth to the chewing surface, the shape and size of which visually correspond to the projections of the anchoring parts 3. A suitably sized, shaped and colored intermediate part module 2 is selected from the finished selection, to which anchoring parts 3 with projections and support balls 4 suitable for the cavities are connected. The halves of the assembled intermediate module module 2 are loosely connected with a clamping screw 5 that the anchoring parts 3 can be turned or Fig. 3 is a top view of a modular bridge fitted to the support teeth 9 and 10 At instead of a missing tooth. Fig. 3 shows the projections of the anchoring parts 3 fitting into differently directed and different sized cavities 11 and 12 of the support teeth 9 and 10, because O 30 anchoring parts 3 can rotate their position in the intermediate sub-module 2 E can be changed in the x, y and z coordination independently of each other as shown in Figs. 1B-1D.
    S 2 The vertical section of the modular bridge 1 shown in Fig. 4 shows the second N 35 half of the intermediate section module 2 and the anchor sections 3, support balls 4, clamping screw 5, adjacent support teeth 9 and 10 with cavities 11 and 12 and one support The assembled modular bridge 1 is fitted to the support teeth 9 and 10 by turning and rotating the projections of the anchoring parts 3 on their support balls 4 until the projections of the anchoring parts 3 are in the ideal position in the cavities 11 and 12 of the support teeth 9 and 10. a gap or empty space may remain, as shown in Fig. 4. A cavity 15 is left in the cavity 11 below the anchoring part, which, however, is filled with cement and / or locating material during the final fixing of the modular bridge. Both anchoring parts 3 can be turned and rotated freely on their support ball 4 independently of each other. The rotation of the anchoring part 3 in different directions is limited only by the impact of the connection between the support ball 4 and the projection of the anchoring part on the edge of the opening 8 formed by the recesses 7 in the halves of the intermediate part module 2. Before the final fastening of the modular bridge 1 in place, the modular bridge 1 is cleaned and dried outside the mouth, if necessary. Thereafter, a hardening adhesive is applied to the tightening screw 5 of the module bridge 1 and the halves of the intermediate sub-module 2 halves and to the support balls 4 of the anchoring parts 3 to prevent discoloration of the joints and loosening of the parts later in years. At the same time, sufficient fastening cement is applied to the cavities 11 and 12 of the support teeth 9 and 10, into which the projections of the anchoring parts 3 of the pre-assembled modular bridge 1 are pressed. During installation, a separate plastic film 43 can be applied to the bite surface of the modular bridge 1 to prevent the cement from sticking to the opposite teeth when the jaws are disassembled. Thus, the modular bridge 1 settles in the desired position in place of the missing tooth while at the same time being suitable for biting teeth. Then tighten the clamping screw 5 with a separate tool until the parts 4 of the intermediate part module 2 press the support balls 4 of the anchoring parts 3 between these halves of the intermediate part module 2 to form a fixed module bridge 1. = Excess cement and spot are removed mainly before they harden and N modular bridges 1 with anchoring parts 3 are kept firmly in the correct position during hardening O 30 by biting the teeth together. According to a preferred embodiment, the adhesives of the intermediate section module 2 of the modular bridge 1E and the fastening cement 2 in the cavities 11 and 12 of the support teeth 9 and 10 harden simultaneously.
    S 2 Figure 5 shows an axonometric view of parts of an N 35 gear bridge 1 according to the invention. In this example, the second anchoring part 3 with its support balls 4 is in accordance with the solution shown in Fig. 1, but the support ball 4 of the second anchoring part 3 has a hole 16 into which the support pin 17 of the anchoring part 3 fits. The length of the support pin 17 is slightly longer than the diameter of the support ball 4 and the partial cracks 18 in the support ball 4 allow the diameter of the hole 16 of the support ball to increase when the support pin 17 is inserted into the hole 16. Thus, the anchoring part 3 does not become detached when the module bridge 1 assembled from the intermediate part module 2 is fitted in the mouth. The intermediate part module 2 has a pivot cavity 19 for the end of the support pin 17, which is connected to the half of the intermediate part module 2 in a substantially hemispherical recess 7. Thus the anchoring part 3 can be turned sideways and up and down on the support ball 4 in the substantially hemispherical recess 7 Fig. 6 shows a vertical section of a modular bridge 1 according to the invention assembled from parts of Fig. 5 connected to adjacent support teeth 9 and 10. The second anchoring part 3 of the modular bridge 1 with support balls 4 is integral and the anchoring part 3 and support ball 4 are separate in the second anchoring part 3, as shown in Fig. 5. steplessly changing the distance between the intermediate part module 2 and the anchoring parts 3, whereby the protrusions of the anchoring parts 3 are made to fit exactly into the cavities 11 and 12 of the support teeth 9 and 10. At the same time, only a few different sized intermediate part modules 9 are needed. wider than the corresponding gap in Fig. 4. A suitable intermediate section module 2 is obtained in this gap, because the anchoring section 3 has been - moved on its support pin 17 in exactly the correct position in the counter-cavity of the support tooth 9
    11. The support pin 17 is still within its entire length inside the support ball 4. The pivot cavity 19 located between the halves of the intermediate sub-module 2 is filled with a cementitious or locating material which hardens along the filling channel 20 during cementation. At the same time, the air in the cavity 19 exits along the exhaust duct 21 close to the outer surface of the intermediate module 2 - the hole 6 of the clamping screw 5. When the pivot cavity 19 is filled with adhesive, the filling channel 20 may have small side channels along which the adhesive passes into all parts Other cementation, tightening of the tightening screw 5 and = finishing are done as shown in Fig. 4, filling all the openings and holes. Fig. 7 Fig. 7 shows an axonometric view of a disassembled structure of an intermediate part module 2E. In the example shown in Fig. 7, the anchoring parts 3 and support balls 4 are as in Fig. 1, but inside the halves of the intermediate part module 2 there is a precise support cavity 23 for the movable S adjusting parts 22, where the adjusting parts 22 can be moved until the projections of both anchoring parts 3 N 35 11 and 12. Thus, even this structure allows the distance between the anchoring parts 3 of the intermediate part module 2 to be changed steplessly. In this application, too, the rear part of the support cavity 23 has a filling channel 20 and an outlet channel 21.
    In the intermediate section module 2 of Fig. 7, the adjusting portions 22 compress the support ball 4 of the anchoring portion 3 with a separate adjusting screw 24 and the intermediate section module 2 tightening screw 5 ensures that the compressed adjusting portions 22 remain in their final position in the support cavity 23 formed in the second the adjusting screw 24 can be tightened by means of the tool so that the adjusting parts 22 are pressed against the support ball 4. The base of the adjusting screw 24 has an extension on the inner surface of the opening 26 of the intermediate part module 2, which at the same time acts as a limiter preventing the adjusting parts 22 from slipping too far or press by means of the clamping screw 5 so that all parts 2, 22 and 4 made to each other with dimensional accuracy are made completely immobile. Fig. 8A is a vertical sectional view of a modular bridge 1 according to the invention assembled from parts of Fig. 7 connected to adjacent support teeth 9 and 10. In this example the anchoring parts 3 and support balls 4 are integral as in Fig. 4. Moving the adjusting part 22 in its support cavity 23 accurately hits the projections 11 and 12. If the protruding lower part 27 of the adjusting part 22 blocks the opening above the gum edge between the intermediate part module 2 and the support tooth 9, after the cementing of the module bridge 1, the lower edge of the blocking adjusting part 22 can be ground smaller. Thus, a sufficiently large cleaning gap is obtained at the gum edge between the intermediate part module 2 and the support tooth 9. After the adjustment, an empty support cavity 23 may be left behind the adjustment parts 22, which is filled in the cementation step, as described in the description of Fig. 6. Finally, all the holes and openings of the intermediate section module 2 are filled and finished as described above.
    Fig. 8B shows a vertical section of a module bridge 1 according to the invention, in which = the intermediate part module 2 has already been made into a one-piece piece at the manufacturing stage. Then = support cavities 23 opening towards the support teeth 9 and 10 are formed on the N sides of each support tooth 9 and 10 of the intermediate part module 2 on one side of the intermediate part module 2. The support cavities 23 inside the body 44 of the intermediate part module 2 can also be formed as a single tunnel. Inside the support cavities 23 or the integral support cavity, the adjusting parts 22 and the support balls 4 of the anchoring parts 3 between them are threaded, while the projections of the anchoring parts 3S remain visible. The support balls 4 of the anchoring parts 3 are pressed immobile inside the body part 44 of the intermediate part module 2 by the adjusting parts 22 2. In the above-mentioned examples, in the fitting step of the modular bridge 1 according to the invention, the tightening screw 5 or 24 of the intermediate part module 2 can be in the mating hole 6 or 25 without compressing the adjusting parts 22 and / or the anchoring parts 3 completely immovable. The parts still do not fall out of place in the support cavities 23 because there may be a small helical spring under the base of the clamping screw 5 or 24, which lightly presses the locking plate 42 and / or the adjusting parts 22, preventing the parts from falling out of the support cavities.
    Fig. 8C shows the modular bridge 1 according to Fig. 8B in a horizontal section. In the fastening phase of the modular bridge 1, the adjusting parts 22 with their support balls 4 are locked stationary when the clamping screw 42 and the adjusting parts 22 are fixed to the side wall of the support cavity 23. The mutual contact surfaces of the adjusting parts 22, the support balls 4 and the support cavity 23 - can be rough, as shown in Fig. 1. The support cavities 23 can be shaped in both longitudinal and height directions so that the adjusting parts 22 can also be displaced with respect to the height of the intermediate module module 2. In this case, the intermediate section module 2 can also be adapted to the different widths of the support teeth 9 and 10 at different heights relative to the chewing surfaces of the other teeth. The cementation step of the modular bridge 1 is performed as shown - in the description of Figures 4 and 6. Fig. 9 shows an axonometric view of the anchoring parts 3 of the modular bridge 1 according to the invention, and in Fig. 10 they are seen from above. The support balls 4 of the anchoring parts 3 may be as shown in Fig. 1, but in the anchoring parts the shapes of both the chewing surface and the side of the support tooth are different. The chewing support 28 of the anchoring part extends only to a small part of the chewing surface and thus, when making a corresponding cavity, quite a bit of hard dental tissue is removed. A flange 29 is formed on the support tooth side of the anchoring part, which fits as well as possible on the intact side surface of the support tooth. Fig. 11 shows a vertical section of a modular bridge 1 according to the invention connected to adjacent support teeth 9 and 10. The solution shown in Fig. 11 mainly corresponds to Fig. 4 = the solution shown showing the other half of the intermediate module 2, support teeth 9 and 10, = tightening screw 5, anchoring parts according to Figs. chewing supports 28 and flanges 29. N The support teeth 9 and 10 are ground on the side of the intermediate section module 2 with small cavities for the chewing surface only on the O 30 chewing surface. The cavities partially bevel the edge of the abutment tooth. At the flanges 29, the surface of the support tooth E has only been treated in known ways in order to prevent the flanges from being glued to the mica surface. The chewing support absorbs the greatest bite stress and in addition the glued S-flange prevents the entire module bridge from coming loose and twisting. In other respects, the final attachment 2 is made in the same way as shown in the examples above. The N 35 anchoring parts with chewing supports and flanges come in different sizes, shapes and colors.
    Figures 12 and 13 show the anchoring parts 3 of a modular bridge according to the invention, which are suitable for crowned teeth. In Fig. 12 the anchoring parts 3 with the locking screws 31 are shown axonometrically and in Fig. 13 they are seen from above.
    The anchoring parts 3 of Figures 12 and 13 differ from those shown in Figure 1 in that the anchoring part 3 has a support hook 30 instead of a protrusion coming into the cavity of the support tooth 9 and / or 10, which is attached to the support tooth 9 and / or 10. After cementation and / or gluing, the support hook remains in place in the support hole with a small locking screw 31 resting on a mating groove 32 in the bite surface of the support hook 30 of the anchoring part 3. Figure 14 is a vertical section of a modular bridge 1 according to the invention connected to adjacent support teeth 9 and 10 9 and 10, support holes are drilled in the prosthetic crowns 33 for the support hooks 30 of the anchoring parts 3 shown in Figs. 12 and 13, and oblique holes 34 for the locking screws 31 of the anchoring parts 3. A support hole for the support hook 30 of the anchoring part 3 is made starting from the tooth bite inside the prosthesis crown 33 in the hard tissue approximately longitudinally of the support tooth 9 and / or 10 so that the support hook 30 is supported by an intact prosthesis crown 33 3 support hooks 30. The drill has a stop that prevents drilling too deep. Fig. 14 has an obliquely oriented hole 34 for a locking screw 31 made in the front support tooth 10 with a suitably sized drill. The hole 34 of the locking screw 31 is parallel to the mating groove 32 of the support hook 30 of the anchoring part 3 shown in Fig. 13. The locking screw 31 of the rear support tooth 9 is already attached to its hole 34. Finally, the installation of the anchoring parts 3 is completed by removing the visible parts of the locking screws 31 up to the chewing surface of the support teeth 9 and 10 =. Fig. 15 Fig. 15 shows axonometric parts of a modular bridge 1 according to the invention. E In Fig. 15, the intermediate part module 2 comprises a separate, replaceable lower part 35, which can be replaced with one or more parts of different sizes and / or shapes, if necessary. In this way, it is possible to form an intermediate part module 2 of suitable size in the well in place of the tooth removed in this way, which at the same time is in contact both at the gum edge and in the bite of the N 35 counterpart. The replaceable lower part 35 is connected to the intermediate part module 2, for example so that the lower part 35 has one or more gripping pins 36 shaped to lock in the counter pin 37 of the gripping pin adjacent to the intermediate part module 2. The parts of the intermediate part module 2 shown in Fig. 15 are joined the halves are attached to each other, with the gripping pin 36 of the lower part 35 remaining in the abutment 37 between the halves. The replaceable lower part 35 can also be connected to the intermediate part module 2 in some other mechanical way.
    In the example shown in Fig. 15, when the halves of the intermediate part module 2 are placed opposite each other, the recesses 7 in the halves form two substantially spherical spaces in the intermediate part module 2 in which the support balls 4 of the anchoring parts 3 can be placed. Fig. 15 on the right side of the intermediate part module 2 shows an anchoring part 3 with a support ball 4 and a protrusion to be fitted to the cavity of the support tooth, as also shown above in Figs. 1-4. In Fig. 15, on the left side of the intermediate part module 2, instead of such an anchoring part 3, a special two-part connecting ball 38 is formed of two support balls connected together. It enables the assembly of a modular bridge which replaces two parallel missing teeth. Then, in Fig. 15, one half of the two-part connecting ball 38 is placed in the substantially hemispherical spherical space formed by the recesses 7 on the left side of the intermediate sub-module 2, and the second half is connected to the second intermediate module 2 next to the intermediate part module 2. Since the intermediate parts 2 have adjacent the mutual position of the two intermediate part modules 2 can then be changed if necessary and the module bridge 1 can be brought to the desired position on the support teeth 9 and 10. A separate view of the champion modules 2 connected to each other by the two-part connecting ball 38 is not shown. Fig. 16 shows parts of a modular bridge 1 according to the invention and Fig. 17 shows - a vertical section of a modular bridge 1 assembled from the parts according to Fig. 16 connected to adjacent support teeth 9 and 10. This example shows a compact = intermediate part module 2, the internal design of which has been changed so that the opening of the small = missing tooth can be replaced by an intermediate section module 2. The O 30 concave, substantially hemispherical recesses 7 in the intermediate section module 2 shown in Figs. 16 N and 17, corresponding to the support balls 4 of the anchoring section 3, intersect E to form a continuous double cavity. Correspondingly, it can be cut off from the opposite sides 39 of the support balls 4 en of the anchoring part 3 so that the support balls S 4 of the two anchoring parts 3 together fit into the double cavity formed by the recesses 7 2 in the halves of the intermediate part module 2. With this arrangement, the anchoring parts 3 can be freely arranged in different positions N 35 on the support teeth 9 and 10. A space can be left between the cut counterparts 39 of the support balls 4 of the anchoring parts 3, which can be filled during cementation along the filling channel 20 as described above.
    Fig. 18 shows parts of a modular bridge 1 according to the invention and Fig. 19 shows a vertical section of a modular bridge 1 assembled from parts according to Fig. 18 connected to adjacent support teeth 9 and 10. This example also shows a small intermediate part module 2 which can be used when the missing tooth is very small. . In the example shown in Figs. 18 and 19, the support ball 4 of the anchoring part 3 is not fixedly connected to the anchoring part 3. The support ball 4 is connected to the intermediate part module 2 so that the support ball 4 is placed in the spherical space formed by the recesses 7 in the intermediate part module 2 halves. against each other. The anchoring part 3 is connected to the intermediate part module 2 so that the anchoring part 3 has a hemispherical, centrally concave support cup 40 corresponding to the size and shape of the support ball 4, which rests against the support ball 4 in the intermediate part module 2.
    In this case, the connection of the two anchoring parts 3 to the intermediate part module 2 on its different sides can be done so that the intermediate part module 2 has two spherical spaces in which separate support balls 4 are placed. The anchoring parts 3 are placed on the different parts of the intermediate part module 2 so that against the support ball 4. The connection of the two anchoring parts 3 to the intermediate part module 2 on its different sides can also be done so that the intermediate part module 2 has a double cavity formed by two hemispherical recesses in which a small two-part inner ball 41 resembling a two-part connecting ball 38 is placed. = the hemispherical concave support cup 40 of the anchoring part 3 is pressed against the inner ball 41 in the intermediate part module 2 on the corresponding N side. The inner ball 41 is detached and the concave support cups 40 of the anchoring parts 3E, which exactly hit the outer surfaces of its support teeth 9 and 10, turn and rotate when the anchoring parts 3 are moved. When the tightening screw 5 presses the halves of the intermediate part module 2, the concave support cups 40 and S one-piece support ball 4 or two-piece inner ball 41 together with the anchoring parts 3 lock into a single module bridge 1. The structure of the modular bridge 1 described above makes it possible to make intermediate section modules 2 of different sizes by changing the length between the support cups 40 of the two-part inner ball 41 while keeping the size of the balls 4 or 41 the same and converting the intermediate section module 2 with its recesses 7 to the corresponding size. The connection of the two anchoring parts 3 to the different parts of the intermediate part module 2 can also be done in such a way that both halves of the intermediate part module 2 have only one hemispherical recess 7, which together form one spherical space when the halves of the intermediate part module 2 are pressed against each other. In this case, only one ball can be used as the inner ball, which is, for example, a symmetrical support ball 4. In this case, the anchoring parts 3 are placed on the intermediate module module 2 on different sides so that each hemisphere According to the invention, the various alternatives presented above can be combined with one another and these combinations make it possible to replace missing teeth in a wide variety of clinically challenging cases. In this case, for example, the structures shown in Figures 1 to 8 can be combined with the solutions shown in Figures 9 to 15. The structures of Figures 16 to 19 can also be combined with the above alternatives by changing the second ball of the two-piece connecting ball 38 to correspond to the cut counterpart of the support ball or the concave support cup 40.
    REFERENCE NUMBER LIST 1 Modular bridge 2 Intermediate module 3 Anchoring part 4 Support ball o S 5 - Clamping screw At 6 - Clamping screw counter hole N 7 Mainly hemispherical recess O 30 8 Recess opening E 9 Rear support tooth section 13 Lower recess tooth angle centerline dashed line 14 Second intermediate tooth 15 Empty cavity under the anchoring section
    16 Support ball hole 17 Anchor section support pin 18 Support ball partial cracks 19 Support pin head pivot cavity 20 Filling channel 21 Air outlet channel 22 Adjusting part 23 Adjusting part support cavity 24 Adjusting screw 25 Locking screw Anchor locking screw counter groove 33 Prosthetic crown 34 Locking screw oblique hole 35 Interchangeable lower part of the intermediate part module 36 Interchangeable lower part gripping pin 37 Retaining pin counter-hole 38 Two-piece connecting ball 39 Support ball cut-off counterpart 40 Concave support cup 44 Concave support cup 30 = a 2> &
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    PATENT CLAIMS
    A toothed bridge, which is a modular bridge (1) to be installed in place of one or more removed teeth, comprising an intermediate section module (2) and anchoring parts (3) to be attached to adjacent support teeth (9, 10), characterized in that - the modular bridge (1) ) the intermediate part module (2) is formed of parts, - - that the anchoring part (3) to be connected to the support tooth (9, 10) is connected to the intermediate part module (2) by a connection allowing movement of the anchoring part (3) with respect to the intermediate part module (2) when the module bridge (1) is fitted between the support teeth (9, 10), and - - that the connection between the anchoring part (3) and the intermediate part module (2) can be locked immovably by the locking member (5, 24) of the module bridge (1) after the module bridge (1) is fitted with one or into a space formed by several removed teeth.
    Dental bridge according to Claim 1, characterized in that the connection between the anchoring part (3) of the modular bridge (1) and the intermediate part module (2) is spherical, so that the anchoring part (3) comprises a support ball (4) supported by a spherical space or the anchoring part (3) has a hemispherical concave support cup (40) resting on a part (41) in connection with the intermediate part module (2) which is at least partially spherical, each spherical connection allowing the anchoring part (3) to rotate relative to the intermediate part module (2). 3) turning sideways in any direction, whereby the anchoring parts (3) can be brought to the desired angle with respect to each other when fastening the modular bridge (1) to the support teeth (9 and 10).
    Dental bridge according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that - the connection between the anchoring part (3) of the modular bridge (1) and the intermediate part module (2) is spherical = and in connection with the intermediate part module (2) there is an adjusting part (17, 22). (3) the distance from the intermediate part module (2) is variable, and N - - that by means of the spherical connection and the adjusting part (17, 22) movement of the anchoring part (3) with respect to the intermediate part module (2) is possible in all control directions x-, y- and z- E in coordination.
    A dental bridge according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that 2 - - the intermediate part module (2) comprises two halves, each of which has N 35 in a substantially hemispherical recess (7), - - that when the halves of the intermediate part module (2) are placed against each other, the hemispherical recesses (7) together form a substantially spherical space,
    - - that the anchoring part (3) comprises a support ball (4) placed in the spherical space formed inside the halves of the intermediate part module (2), and - - that the support ball (4) and the spherical space together form a joint on which the anchoring part (3) can be rotated, and / or turn the page in any direction.
    Dental bridge according to Claim 4, characterized in that the halves of the intermediate part module (2) can be pressed against one another so that the support ball (4) of the anchoring part (3) presses against the walls of the half-hemispherical recesses (7) of the intermediate part module (2). that the halves of the intermediate part module (2) are pressed against each other by a locking member, and - - that the locking member is a clamping screw (5) or a similar mechanical locking member which presses the halves of the intermediate part module (2) against each other and locks the anchor part (3) regarding.
    Dental bridge according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that - the support cavity (23) inside the intermediate part module (2) has two adjusting parts (22) between which the support ball (4) of the anchoring part (3) is arranged, and - - that the adjusting parts (22) and the support ball (4) between them are movable in the support cavity (23) of the intermediate part module (2) so that the distance of the anchoring part (3) connected to the support ball (4) from the intermediate part module (2) is variable.
    A dental bridge according to claim 6, characterized in that - - in connection with the adjusting parts (22) inside the halves of the intermediate part module (2) there is a locking member by means of which the adjusting parts (22) and the supporting ball (4) can be locked in place, and - the locking member is a clamping screw (24) or a similar mechanical locking member which presses = the adjusting parts (22) against each other and locks the adjusting parts (22) between them = the support ball (4) and the anchoring part (3) connected to the support ball (4) ) regarding. Dental bridge according to Claim 6, characterized in that 2 - - the intermediate part module (2) is formed by a unitary body (44) inside which there is an S support cavity (23) for the two adjusting parts (22) and their locking member, 2 - - that between the adjusting parts (22) there is a support ball (4) to which an anchoring part (3) is connected, and N 35 - - that the locking member of the adjusting parts (22) is formed by a locking plate (42) and a clamping screw (5) by pressing the locking plate (42) against the adjusting parts (22) so that the locking plate (42)
    locks the adjusting parts (22), the support ball (4) between them and the anchoring part (3) connected to the support ball (4) immobile with respect to the intermediate part module (2).
    Dental bridge according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that - the anchoring parts (3) of the modular bridge (1) have projections which are fastened to the cavities (11, 12) of the support teeth (9, 10) by cement, and - that the modular bridge (1) ) an adhesive or sealant is placed between the parts to lock the parts of the modular bridge (1) in place immobile relative to each other. oO
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FI129364B|2021-12-31|
    WO2021084157A1|2021-05-06|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3412468A|1966-04-29|1968-11-26|Jack M. Weinstein|Denture fastener|
    CH646046A5|1982-03-31|1984-11-15|Helmut Hader|DENTAL ATTACHMENT FOR FIXING DENTAL PROSTHESES.|
    US4661068A|1985-03-11|1987-04-28|Harrison John W|Partial denture attachment appliance|
    ES2388308B1|2010-05-03|2013-09-18|Phibo Cad-Cam, S.L.|ARTICULAR GAME BETWEEN CONTIGENT DENTAL PARTS AND MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE.|
    WO2011152643A2|2010-05-31|2011-12-08|Park Nam Hyo|Temporary prosthesis|
    法律状态:
    2020-10-22| PC| Transfer of assignment of patent|Owner name: HYVAEHAMMAS OY |
    2021-12-31| FG| Patent granted|Ref document number: 129364 Country of ref document: FI Kind code of ref document: B |
    优先权:
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    FI20190083A|FI129364B|2019-11-01|2019-11-01|Dental bridge|FI20190083A| FI129364B|2019-11-01|2019-11-01|Dental bridge|
    PCT/FI2020/000015| WO2021084157A1|2019-11-01|2020-11-02|Fixed partial denture|
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